ORNL/Sub/88-SB844/2

Abstract
 

INTRODUCTION
 

OBJECTIVES
 

MATERIALS AND METHODS
 

Objectives 1 and 2

Objective 3
 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
 

Precipitation

Perennial Biomass Yields

Chemical Composition of Perennial Species

Corn Grain Yields

Biomass Yield of Annuals

Chemical Composition of Annuals

Biomass Yields on a Moisture Gradient

Biomass Yields of Perennials and Annuals Compared

Biomass Cropping on Normally Fallowed Land

Economic Analysis of Biomass Cropping

Maturity Effects on Biomass Yield of Kochia

Effects of Biomass Cropping on Subsequent Crop Yields

Maturity Effects on Stand Maintenance of Perennial Grasses
 

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
 

LITERATURE CITED

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Growing-season precipitation at five North Dakota sites in 1988 to 1992

Table 2. Biomass yield of several perennial species meaned across 3 or 4 N levels at six North Dakota sites in 1989-1992

Table 3. Nitrogen level effects on average perennial biomass yields at six North Dakota sites during 1991-1992

Table 4. Chemical composition of perennial biomass species as influenced by site and year (meaned across species and N Levels)

Table 5. Significance of nitrogen effect on chemical composition of perennial biomass species at six North Dakota sites in 1989-92 (meaned across species)

Table 6. Chemical composition of several perennial biomass species at six North Dakota sites (meaned across years and 3 or 4 N levels

Table 7. Significance of species on chemical composition of perennial biomass species at six North Dakota sites in 1989-92

Table 8. Yield of eight chemical components of perennial biomass species at six North Dakota sites in 1989-92 (meaned across species and N levels)

Table 9. Grain yield of corn by N level and cropping system at six North Dakota sites in 1988-92

Table 10. Biomass yield of annual herbaceous crops as affected by cropping system at two sites in North Dakota (mean of species and N levels)

Table 11. Biomass yield by cropping system at 50 kg N ha^-1 of four annual species at six sites in North Dakota in 1988-92

Table 12. Significance of N level effect on biomass yield of annual herbaceous corps at six North Dakota sites in 1988-92 (meaned across cropping system and species.

Table 13. Chemical composition of annual biomass species at six North Dakota sites in 1988-92 mean of species and cropping system at 50 kg N ha^-1 )

Table 14. Chemical composition of annual biomass species at 50 kg N ha^-1 at six North Dakota sites (meaned across years and cropping systems)

Table 15 Linear regression equations of biomass yield (Mg ha^-1 ) (meaned across N level) versus growing-season precipitation (mm) using an environment as the observation

Table 16. Grain yield of Hazen baley in 1991 following a legume biomass crop in 1990 at Carrington, ND

Table 17. Grain yield of Stoa wheat in 1991 following a legume biomass crop in 1990 at Carrington, ND

Table 18. Biomass yield and chemical composition of seeded kochia harvested at four maturity dates at Prosper, ND in 1990

Table 19. Biomass yield and chemical composition of kochia (native stand) at six maturity states at Prosper, ND in 1992

Table 20. Biomass yield and chemical composition of kochia at four harvest dates at Prosper, ND in 1992 (spring-seeded stand)

Table 21. Biomass yield of three grass species as affected by harvest date and N level at Fargo, ND, in 1992

Table 22. Biomass yield of bromegrass as affected by N level and harvest date at Fargo, ND in 1990-92.

List of Figures

Figure 1. Location of sites used in the North Dakota biomass experiments

Figure 2. Biomass yields of several perennial species/mixtures at six North Dakota sites (meaned across years and N levels)

Figure 3. Chemical composition of eight perennial biomass species/mixtures at Prosper, ND, (meaned across years and N levels). C=cellulose, L=acid-detergent lignin, H=hemicellulose, O=other cell solubles, T==total nonstructural carbohydrates, N=nitrogen, A=Ash

Figure 4. Biomass yields of annual species at 50 kg N ha^-1 at six North Dakota sites (meaned across years)

Figure 5. Chemical composition of four annual biomass species at 50 kg N ha^-1 Prosper, ND, (meaned across cropping systems and N levels). C=cellulose, L=acid-detergent lignin, H=hemicellulose, O=other cell solubles, T==total nonstructural carbohydrates, N=nitrogen, A=Ash

Figure 6. Biomass yields for six perennial species/mixtures plotted versus growing-season precipitation. Each symbol represents a biomass yield meaned across N levels with a site and year

Figure 7. Biomass yields for four annual species plotted versus growing-season precipitation. Each symbol represents a biomass yield at 50 kg N ha^-1 within a site and year